Sigiriya, a historic rock fortress in Sri Lanka’s northern Matale District, is a captivating destination for tourists with its rich history, stunning architecture, and beautiful views. Known as Lion Rock because of the giant lion’s paws at its entrance, this UNESCO World Heritage Site is one of the most famous landmarks in Sri Lanka.
Built in the 5th century AD, Sigiriya was chosen by King Kashyapa I as his new capital after he took the throne from his father. The fortress rises about 180 meters (590 feet) above the surrounding land and was designed to serve as both a royal palace and a defensive stronghold. Its high location offered a strategic advantage and impressive views that continue to attract visitors today.
A key feature of Sigiriya is the Lion’s Gate, a grand entrance carved to look like a lion. Although only the lion’s paws and part of its head remain, they hint at the grandeur that once greeted visitors. Climbing the stairs between the lion’s paws lets you imagine the majestic entrance that welcomed ancient dignitaries.
The design of Sigiriya includes a palace at the top, surrounded by beautifully designed gardens, moats, and defensive walls. The gardens, which include water gardens, terraced gardens, and boulder gardens, show the advanced planning and engineering of that time. These gardens are not only beautiful but also show the king’s effort to combine aesthetics with practicality.
Another important feature of Sigiriya is its ancient frescoes, found in a sheltered area halfway up the rock. These colorful wall paintings, which depict celestial maidens, give a glimpse into the artistic skills of ancient Sri Lanka. Although only a few of the original frescoes remain, they are often compared to the art in India’s Ajanta Caves for their vibrant colors and dynamic style.
As you climb Sigiriya, you will also see the Mirror Wall, which was once polished so the king could see his reflection. Today, the wall is covered with old graffiti, offering a fascinating look at how visitors from different times have interacted with the site. These inscriptions add historical value and enhance the allure of Sigiriya.
Visiting Sigiriya is more than just exploring history; it is also about experiencing ancient engineering, artistic beauty, and natural landscapes. The summit offers breathtaking views of the surrounding area, including lush greenery and distant mountains. The well-preserved palace and gardens provide a glimpse into the grandeur of the ancient royal court.
Route from Colombo
If you are traveling from Colombo, you can take a No. 15 bus to Anuradhapura, a No. 48 bus to Kaduruwela, or a No. 49 bus to Trincomalee, and get off at Dambulla or Habarana. From Dambulla or Habarana, take a bus to Sigiriya.
